When a child is in a car crash, survives a flood, or is abused, he may not show any symptoms of distress right away. But that doesn’t mean he’s ok. Although some types of stress are manageable. And even necessary for children to develop coping skills, a traumatic event can cause serious emotional harm. When children develop long-term symptoms (longer than one month) from such stress, which are upsetting or interfere with their relationships and activities, they may be diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
PTSD in children
According to the National Center for PTSD, children and teens may experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) if they have lived through an event that could have caused them to be badly hurt, or killed. That can be a car crash, a disaster such as a flood, a school shooting, or a fire. It can also be sexual or physical abuse. Amongst children who have had trauma, 3 to 15 percent of girls, and 1 to 6 percent of boys, go on to develop PTSD. Although we have read a lot about PTSD in adults. Particularly in veterans of war, the disorder is not generally discussed when it comes to our kids.
Symptoms of PTSD
Fortunately, there are some recognizable signs and treatment options. Clinical Psychologist Dr. Jennifer Powell-Lunder says the symptoms of PTSD in children are variable but lists the following as some of the hallmarks of the disorder:
- A child with fears that seem irrational. A child may seem paranoid — afraid of other people or specific types of people.
- A child who has suffered abuse by a caretaker for example, may suddenly become very upset, anxious and seemingly desperate if he/she is left with a babysitter or even if that babysitter is not the abuser.
- Some kids will re-enact the trauma over and over again through play. If, for example, a child has experienced a house fire, the child’s play may repeatedly focus on this theme.
- Nightmares and night terrors: It is very common for kids to have the same disturbing dream over and over again.
- Increased outbursts of anger and/or irritability
- Emotional sensitivity, especially when triggered by something that reminds the child of the trauma
For children it might be hard to articulate certain fears, so Lunder strongly encourages parents to look for the signs of PTSD and be aware of its effects.“Be mindful of the media in your home. Monitoring is really the best way to help your kids. If your child has experienced a specific trauma it is helpful to be aware of his/her triggers,” she says.
As with many mental health concerns, there is no “one size fits all” treatment plan. “The therapeutic alliance is paramount in helping your child work through their symptoms. Translation — its important that they trust and like the therapist with whom they are working.”
What to do when your child suffers from PTSD?
If you suspect your child is suffering from PTSD you should have them assessed by an experienced professional in the field such as a psychologist, psychiatrist, or clinical social worker. Lunder urges parents to investigate and understand all treatment options —including medications.
“As a parent it is important to receive education regarding the medications your child is taking. In addition, it is important for your child to be aware why he may be taking a certain medication. As with any medication, the medication manager will monitor the effectiveness with you as well as address any side-effects.”
Navigating this road with your child can be difficult but there is a lot of information out there including many online support options. Be sure to take advantage of the resources available.
Pingback: Preventing Gun Injuries to Kids Begins at Home - Fajar Magazine
Pingback: Talking to Your Children about Scary News - Fajar Magazine